What is the difference in quenched and tempered microstructure between hot forging and cold forging parts?

What is the difference in quenched and tempered microstructure between hot forging and cold forging parts?

Cold heading: It is the use of the plasticity of metals to apply pressure or cold draw using cold mechanics, achieving the goal of solid-state deformation of metals. The forging 

method of thickening the top of bar or wire at room temperature. Wenzhou cold heading machines are mainly used for manufacturing parts such as bolts, nuts, iron nails, rivets, 

and steel balls. The forging billet material can be copper, aluminum, carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, titanium alloy, etc., and the material utilization rate can reach 80-90%.

Cold heading is often carried out on specialized cold heading machines, which facilitates continuous, multi station, and automated production. The cold heading machine can 

sequentially complete processes such as cutting, heading, accumulation, forming, chamfering, wire rolling, diameter reduction, and edge cutting. High production efficiency, 

reaching over 300 pieces per minute, with a maximum diameter of 48 millimeters for cold heading workpieces. The schematic diagram of the cold heading machine bolt process is 

a typical process for cold heading bolts.

The multi station nut automatic cold heading machine is a multi station nut automatic cold heading machine. The bar material is automatically fed into a certain length by the 

feeding mechanism, cut into blanks by the cutting mechanism, and then sequentially sent to the accumulation and punching stations for forming by the clamp conveying 

mechanism. Multi station cold heading machine refers to the stamping of raw materials at room temperature.

Hot heading: refers to the stamping of raw materials after heating, and there are no specific requirements for its use. Generally, cold heading is required because of its surface 

smoothness, which makes the material's structure more compact. In addition, larger workpieces are often processed by hot heading.