How to classify the deformation steps and die chamber of hammer forging?

How to classify the deformation steps and die chamber of hammer forging?

When forging with a hammer, the blank is heated and deformed into a forged piece with flying edges in the forging die chamber. This process is called the 

"forging process". The hammer forging process is generally divided into several deformation steps, each step has a corresponding die chamber, and each die 

chamber is generally concentrated on the same forging die. The name of the work step is consistent with the name of the mold chamber used, for example, 

the mold chamber used for elongating the work step is called the elongating mold chamber.

The die chamber used for hammer forging can be divided into three categories.

(1) The forging die chamber includes a pre forging die chamber and a final forging die chamber.

(2) The blank mold chamber can be further divided into three categories.

The first type of blank making die chamber includes elongated die chamber, rolling extrusion die chamber, and clamping die chamber.

The second type of blank making die chamber includes bending die chamber, forming die chamber, etc.

The third type of billet die chamber includes upsetting tables, flattening tables, etc.

(3) Cut off the mold chamber.

All types of forgings require the use of a final forging die chamber. Final forging is the last and most important deformation step in the die forging process, 

and the shape and size of the die forging are ensured by the final forging die chamber.

The function of the pre forging die chamber is twofold: firstly, to further deform the blank after production, ensuring that the die chamber is easily filled 

during final forging, and obtaining a full, non folding, crack or other defect forging; The second is to reduce the wear of the final forging die chamber and 

improve the service life of the forging die. However, using a pre forging die chamber will increase the size of the forging die, increase the cost of the forging 

die, and reduce production efficiency; More importantly, it will cause eccentric impact, increase the misalignment between the upper and lower molds, 

reduce the dimensional accuracy of forgings, and affect the working life of the forging die dovetail and hammer rod. Due to both advantages and 

disadvantages, it is only reasonable to use pre forging when the shape of the forging is complex, it is difficult to form without defects, the production batch 

is large, and the mold bore wears rapidly.

Blank making is a deformation step from the original blank to final forging or pre forging, which is used to preliminarily change the shape of the original 

blank, allocate the metal volume reasonably, and make it easy to pre forge or pre forge. The billet die chamber used for various types of forgings is different. 

For example, straight long shaft forgings generally use the first type of blank making die chamber; In addition to the first type of billet die chamber, the 

second type of billet die chamber is also used for bent shafts and branch and shoot forgings; Fork shaped forgings generally require the use of a splitting 

table to split the head during pre forging; Short shaft forgings generally use the third type of billet die chamber. The cutting die chamber is usually set at 

one corner of the forging die. When using continuous forging method, for each piece forged, the cutting die chamber needs to be used to separate the 

forging and bar material.